Abstract: Different treatments of organic materials (biological black carbon,sheep excrement) for 20-years Korla fragrant pear trees were set under field condition,and the variation of fruit quality was studied. Results showed that fertilization of organic materials could promote the growth and development of the fruits significantly. These organic materials could improve single fruit weight and yield,increase fruit shape,red fruit rate and the contents of hydrolysis restore sugar and vitamin C in the fruit,and reduce pericarp thickness,fruit firmness and fruit total acid content. For effects of fertilizer on single fruit weight,fruit shape index,yield,red fruit rate and the contents of hydrolysis restore sugar and vitamin C,sheep excrement was better than biological black carbon; while for pericarp thickness,fruit firmness and the content of fruit total acid,the effect of biological black carbon was better than that of sheep excrement.