Abstract: The soil cultivated layer is that human activity disturbed the depth of soil by tools in order to cultivate crops.The structure and depth of soil cultivated layer determined the habitat and supply of nutrient and water for crop.The construction of fertile and deep cultivated soil layer and improvement of soil fertility were attracting more and more attention with the increased demand for food.The evolution and function of soil cultivated layer and its effect on crop root and yield were reviewed comprehensively, suitable depths of cultivated layer were suggested for clay soil (clay content >35%) with 0~35 cm depth and sandy soil with 0~20 cm depth based on above mentioned.The influence of straw and organic matter incorporation on soil cultivated layer was discussed.The prospective of technical patterns of soil cultivated layer, including the integrated technical pattern involving crop rotation, straw and organic matter incorporation, depth and frequency of soil tillage, which will provide relevant reference for the construction of suitable soil cultivated layer.