Abstract: Electrical resistivity tomography method is based on the differences between electrical characteristics of rock and soil.This method integrates the conventional DC electrical profiling and electrical sounding methods to measure the geo-electric section.It can realize tiny disturbance,multi-scale,continuous synchronous measurement by deploying many electrodes simultaneously.This method obtain abundant geological information quickly and accurately,and greatly improve work efficiency and show the distribution of underground profile structure.This article introduced measuring principle of electrical resistivity tomography,electrode arrangement and inversion process.The application and the problems in the process of soil hydrology were also discussed.The article intended to promote the application of this method in soil science and soil hydrology,and to provide reference for further understanding soil water and solute transport.