不同生育期饲料油菜瘤胃降解特性的研究

Degradability of Forage Rape at Different Growth Stages in Rumen

  • 摘要: 本试验旨在通过测定不同生育期(现蕾期、盛花期和结荚期)饲料油菜在奶牛瘤胃内的降解规律,为饲料油菜的合理开发和利用提供理论依据。以不同生育时期饲料油菜为试验样品,选用永久性瘤胃瘘管荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物,采用尼龙袋法,测定4 h、8 h、12 h、16 h、24 h、36 h、48 h和72 h的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)在瘤胃内的降解率。试验结果表明,随着生育时期的推进,DM瘤胃降解率呈降低趋势,由高到低依次为现蕾期、盛花期和结荚期;饲料油菜生育时期对降解参数快速降解部分(a)、慢速降解部分(b)和有效降解率(ED)的含量有较大影响,结荚期的CP快速降解部分a值显著高于盛花期和现蕾期(p<0.05),CP的慢速降解部分b值表现为现蕾期显著高于盛花期和结荚期(p<0.05)。现蕾期的DM快速降解部分a和慢速降解部分b显著高于结荚期的相应降解部分(p<0.05)。盛花期的NDF快速降解部分a和慢速降解部分b显著高于结荚期的相应降解部分(p<0.05)。盛花期的CP有效降解率(EDCP)、DM有效降解率(EDDM)和NDF有效降解率(EDNDF)显著高于结荚期(p<0.05)。不同生育时期饲料油菜在瘤胃降解率不同,盛花期的CP有效降解率高于现蕾期和结荚期,DM和NDF的有效降解率都表现为结荚期最低。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at providing theoretical basis for reasonable development and utilization, we conducted a study on the degradation pattern of forage rape in rumen of dairy cows. In this study, taking the forage rape at different growth stages, selecting holstein cows with permanent rumen fistula and using the method of rumen nylon bag, we analyzed dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of samples after they were treated at 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 16 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively, and examined the degradation pattern of forage rape in rumen of dairy cow. The results showed that DM decreased gradually as the extension of growth period, in an order of squaring stage, flowering stage and podding stage. Different growth stages greatly influenced active degradation (a), slow degradation (b) and effective degradation (ED) in degradation parameters. Value a of CP at podding stage was significantly higher than that at squaring stage or flowering stage (p<0.05), and value b of CP at squaring stage was higher than that at flowering stage or podding stage (p<0.05), respectively. Value a and value b of DM at squaring stage were significantly higher than those at podding stage (p<0.05), respectively. Value a and value b of NDF at flowering stage were significantly higher than those at podding stage (p<0.05), respectively. ED values of CP, DM, and NDF at flowering stage were significantly higher than those at podding stage (p<0.05), respectively. Degradability of forage rape in rumen of dairy cows varied with different growth stages, ED value of CP at flowering stage was higher than that at squaring stage or podding stage, and ED value of DM and NDF at podding stage was the lowest.

     

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