Abstract: Aimed at understanding the effect of altitude on soil organic matter, total nitrogen and pH in sugarcane farmlands, we collected 1 740 soil samples from Lincang City, the largest sugarcane planting area in Yunnan Province, and analyzed relevant parameters. The result showed that soil organic matter was significantly correlated with altitude(γ=0.156^**, p<0.01), which increased with altitude elevation, while total soil nitrogen and pH were not correlated with altitude. Average content of soil organic matter was 25.6 g·kg^-1, ranging from 0.3 to 79.1 g·kg^-1 with 41% of CV; average content of total nitrogen was 0.120 g·kg^-1, ranging from 0.117 to 0.122 g·kg^-1 with 44% of CV; average pH was 5.3, ranging from 3.6 to 8.6 with 15% of CV.