Abstract: To explore the possible effects of molasses alcohol wastewater on soil improvement and soybean growth, the effects of the applied amount on soil enzymes, microorganisms, nutrients and soybean growth were studied by pot experiment.The results showed that the application of molasses alcohol wastewater effectively increased soil nutrients, and the soil fertility improvement by T6 treatment (338 t·hm^-2 ) was the best; the pH of each treated soil was 5.65-5.98, and the pH before application was 4.73.Soybean increased the soil pH and improved the acid soil.The application of alcohol wastewater increased the soil enzyme activity and the number of aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, but there was no obvious law with the application amount.The application of alcohol wastewater increased the 100-grain weight, pod weight and growth of soybean.Comprehensive analysis, treatment with T4 (225 t·hm^-2) was the best for improving soybean yield.The effect of applying molasses alcohol wastewater on improving latosolic red soil and promoting soybean growth would be achieved by increasing the activity of soil catalase and promoting the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.