大气CO2浓度和温度升高影响作物产量的光合生理及分子生物学机制

Mechanism of photosynthetic physiology and molecular biology of crop yield as affected by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature-A review

    摘要
  • 摘要:

    全球气候变化下，大气CO2浓度升高产生的“肥料效应”因温度的升高对作物产量的影响产生了不确定性，关键在于相关光合生理和分子机制对两因子互作的响应程度。本文综述了不同作物的光合速率、气孔导度、Rubisco酶活性等关键生理指标及产量对大气CO2浓度和温度升高的响应，并从代谢组角度总结了大气CO2浓度和温度升高对作物光合相关基因表达的影响。提出了从转录组、代谢组及蛋白组学角度探讨不同农业生态区作物对气候变化的响应，展望了作物关键光合基因表达与其区域气候变化的未来研究方向，以期为不同生态区作物对气候变化适应性及调控途径提供理论参考。

     

    Abstract:

    Under climate change, the elevated temperature likely interferes the "fertilizer effect" of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on crop productivity.The complex responses of photosynthetic and molecular processes to climate change may theoretically lead to this uncertainty.In this paper, we analyzed the response of key photosynthetic indicators and yield, such as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, Rubisco activity in a wide range of crops; summarized the influences of the elevated CO2 and temperature on the relevant gene expression of crops.We proposed that future research should focus on crop transcriptomic, metabolic and proteomic response to climate change in various agro-ecological regions.We prospected that crucial photosynthetic gene expression in response to specific climate change in different regions would be a research orientation to improve crop adaptability and management to climate change in the future.

     

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