氮肥减量与生物菌肥配施对连作西芹土壤性质及西芹生长的影响

Effects of reduced nitrogen application with biological fertilizer on soil properties and growth in continuous celery

  • 摘要: 针对连作西芹产量降低和病害严重等问题,为筛选当地西芹生长的最佳生物菌肥品种,通过田间小区试验,研究了在氮肥减量20%的基础上配施不同生物菌肥对连作西芹生长、土壤理化性状和酶活性的影响。试验以常规施肥(CK)和氮肥比CK减少20%(CK0)为对照,在氮肥减施20%的基础上配施5种不同生物菌肥为处理。结果表明,在氮肥减量20%的基础上配施生物有机肥均可以改善西芹生长状况和土壤理化性质,提高了西芹产量,增强土壤酶活性。与常规施肥(CK)相比,氮肥减施20%并配施沃叶肥(T5)处理综合指标最好,土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度分别提高20.7%和14.6%,土壤容重降低了13.3%;有机质、碱解氮、速效磷以及速效钾含量分别增加了14.9%、3.7%、16.1%、38.5%;土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶以及磷酸酶活性分别提高了36.5%、57.6%、38.4%;西芹产量增加了23.8%,可溶性糖增加了22.2%,VC含量增加了9.9%,粗纤维降低了26.0%。综上所述,化肥减施20%且配合施入沃叶生物肥是试区比较适宜的连作芹菜高产优质施肥措施。

     

    Abstract: In order to select the best biological fertilizer for the continuous celery, we conducted an experiment including conventional fertilization (CK) and reduced nitrogen fertilizer by 20% (CK0) as well as other 5 biological bacterial fertilizations combined with 20% of nitrogen reduction, and analyzed the effects of different biological fertilizers on soil physical and chemical properties, enzyme activities and celery growth in continuous celery soil.The results showed that biological bacterial fertilizers combined with 20% of nitrogen reduction improved the celery growth, soil physical and chemical properties, celery yield and enzyme activities.Compared with CK, T5 treatment, the leaf fertilizer combined with 20% of nitrogen reduction, was with the best comprehensive index; the total soil porosity and capillary porosity increased by 20.7% and 14.6%, respectively, while the soil bulk density reduced by 13.3%; the contents of soil organic matter, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 14.9%, 3.7%, 16.1%, and 38.5% respectively; the activities of soil invertase, urease and phosphatase increased by 36.5%, 57.6%, and 38.4% respectively; the increase in celery yield, soluble sugar and Vc content was 23.8%, 22.2%, and 9.9%, while the crude fiber decreased by 26.0%.The leaf fertilizer combined with 20% of nitrogen reduction would be a suitable fertilization for high yield and high quality continuous celery in Dingxi area of Gansu Province.

     

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