In order to select suitable sugar beet varieties for cultivation in the arid area of eastern Inner Mongolia, we used the variety KWS1176 as the control and compared the morphological traits, root yields, sugar contents, disease occurrences and ash contents of 22 new sugar beet varieties in Arong Banner of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the traits of sugar beet were greatly affected by rainfall. The root yields of HI1380, KWS7125, KWS2314, KWS1479, BETA5665 and CN0417 were higher than 60.0 t·hm^-2, among them variety HI1380 had the highest yield of 70.8 t·hm^-2. The highest sugar content of sugar beet variety was 16.8%, 1.6% higher than that of control, while the lowest sugar content was only 12.7%. Mild brown spot and chlorosis occurred in 22 varieties, while none of them had clumps and powdery mildew. Seven varieties had serious root rot. The variety with lowest potassium content, sodium content and α-nitrogen content was CN0417, HDTY191, and ST13539, respectively. The varieties HDTY191, HDTY192, NT981101, KWS1479, KWS2314 and KWS1176 exhibited better growth performance and were more suitable for planting in the arid area of eastern Inner Mongolia.