The Songnen Plain is an important agricultural and animal husbandry base in North China, and its western part is one of the main distribution areas of saline-alkali land in China, which is a typical inland soda saline type. Due to the large amount of soluble salts in the soil, it leads to the deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties, inhibits plant growth and development, seriously affects the agroecological environment and production efficiency. Thus, it is essential to manage and improve the saline-alkaline soil. As the most important reserve arable land resource, saline-alkali land has the unique advantage of high potential in the process of conversion into agricultural land. By using physical, chemical, hydraulic engineering and biological measures to treat saline-alkali land, the land can be converted into agricultural land, thus expanding agricultural land resources, consequently guaranteeing the national food security, and improving the regional agroecological environment. This paper provides a theoretical basis and decision reference for the comprehensive management of saline-alkali land in China by reviewing the research on saline-alkali land management in the western region of the Songnen Plain, which is important for improving the regional ecological environment of saline-alkali land and promoting the green and sustainable development of regional agricultural economy, society and ecology.