Abstract: We studied the effects of addition of comminuted straw and different straw coverage on soil evaporation characteristics by micro-lysimeter.The results showed that comminuted straw returning accelerated soil evaporation.No significant differences were found in the treatments of adding comminuted straw on the soil evaporation.Straw cover can restrain the soil evaporation effectively and high-straw cover treatment had significant effect on soil water evaporation.The minimum accumulative soil evaporation of 40.8 mm was found in F4 treatment(100% mulching),and there were significant differences between F4 and other treatments(P<0.05).Soil evaporation was stronger than the precipitation supplement during the measurement.The soil water storage capacity under the high-straw coverage treatments was higher than CK.However,the reduction of soil water storage capacity under adding comminuted straw treatments was higher than CK.The treatments with straw mulching were better than adding comminuted straws on inhibiting soil evaporation and water retention ability.