不同农田黑土铜、锌转化和迁移特征
Characteristic of Transformation and Migration of Cu and Zn in Different Black Soil Farmland
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摘要: 利用盆栽试验,研究了黑土区大豆铜、锌迁移积累规律及土壤中铜、锌吸附-解析的关系。结果表明,铜、锌在大豆地上部植株中的累积随着土壤中投入浓度的增加而升高,二者呈高度正相关,植株吸收率(植株中含量÷土壤投入浓度×100%)随着土壤中投入浓度的增加而减少。当土壤投入相同铜、锌浓度时,大豆地上部植株中铜、锌含量呈现海伦黑土>方正黑土>双城黑土的规律,可能是由于双城对铜、锌的吸附力大于方正、海伦样地,造成双城铜、锌向地上部转移量减小,所以大豆地上部植株中铜、锌含量呈现海伦黑土>方正黑土>双城黑土的规律。土壤中残留有效铜含量与土壤投入铜含量呈高度正相关,土壤残留有效锌随着土壤投加锌含量增加而增加。随着土壤投入浓度的增加,土壤残留有效态铜、锌含量逐渐增加,植株中铜、锌含量也相应的增加。在土壤投入相同锌浓度时,植株中锌含量大于土壤残留有效锌含量。Abstract: Pot experiments were conducted to study the transformation and accumulative rules of Cu and Zn on soybean in the Black soil and the relationship between adsorption and desorption of Cu and Zn in the soils.With the increased concentration of Cu and Zn in the soil,the accumulation of Cu and Zn in aboveground of soybean increased but plant absorption decreased.There was a highly positive correlation between the accumulation of Cu and Zn in aboveground of soybean and the Cu and Zn in the soil.Contents in the aboveground of soybean showed the order of Hailun Black soil > Fangzheng Black soil > Shuangcheng Black soil when put the same concentration of Cu and Zn in the soil.The absorption of Cu and Zn in Black soil of Shuangcheng was higher than that of Fangzheng and Hailun,thus leading to reduction in transferring content of Cu and Zn to the aboveground of soybean.With the increased Cu and Zn addition into the soil,the effective Cu and Zn residues increased in the soil,and the content of Cu and Zn in the plant was also increased.The effective Cu residues in the soil and the addition of Cu into soil were positively correlated.The content of Zn in the plant was higher than the effective Zn residues in the soil with the same concentration of Zn in the soil.